I spent many years poring over the history of the British colonies in America, trying to understand the experience of the young George Washington, which I wrote about in For King and Country, and of the Scotch-Irish, which I chronicled in West From Shenandoah. Over and over again I was appalled by the stunning ignorance of British military and political leaders about the native peoples from whom they were trying to wrest control of a continent. I was even more appalled to discover that the ignorance — compounded by a total lack of curiosity — continues among most Americans today.
When the British negotiated land sales and treaties with a people who had no regard for the written word but revered, remembered and honored the spoken word (their entire history was an oral history), and when the British altered in their favor the written summary of a council decision and congratulated themselves when the principals “signed” it (an act with no significance for the tribes whatsoever), the stage was set for future carnage. The principals walked away from the deal believing in radically different outcomes. Continue reading